Oregon — The campaign to recall Oregon Governor Tina Kotek appears to have failed after no signatures were submitted by the statutory deadline and a federal court denied a last-minute emergency motion seeking to extend it (Ballotpedia).
The recall initiative was led by La Pine resident William Harry “Bill” Minnix through the group Oregon for the People. Minnix alleged that the Oregon Secretary of State’s Elections Division issued an incorrect recall petition form, attaching a cover sheet intended for a county-level recall rather than a statewide gubernatorial recall. He argued that this caused confusion among potential signers and hindered the collection of valid signatures (Justia).
Under Oregon law, a recall of a statewide official requires the collection of signatures equal to 15 percent of the votes cast in the most recent gubernatorial election within 90 days of petition approval (Ballotpedia). For the Kotek recall, that meant gathering 292,933 valid signatures by October 27, 2025. According to public records, no signatures were submitted by the deadline (Ballotpedia).
What happened
Minnix filed his prospective petition on July 28, 2025, and was approved to circulate it soon after (Oregon Secretary of State filing). He later claimed that the cover sheet provided by the Secretary of State included language applicable only to county recalls, such as instructions to signers referencing “the county where you are registered to vote.” In his view, this clerical error reduced the campaign’s credibility and made timely signature gathering impossible (Justia).
Minnix filed an Amended Emergency Motion for Temporary Restraining Order and Preliminary Injunction in the U.S. District Court for Oregon, requesting either an extension of at least 30 to 60 days or validation of any signatures collected on the incorrect forms. On October 25, 2025, the court denied the motion, ruling that Minnix had not demonstrated a substantial likelihood of success on the merits or shown irreparable harm that warranted emergency relief (Justia).
The decision left petitioners without legal recourse before the signature deadline. Minnix filed an appeal with the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit seeking emergency relief, but as of October 27, the recall effort had not met the requirements for submission (Grants Pass Tribune).
What it means
With no signatures turned in and the filing window expired, the recall campaign has effectively ended unless the Ninth Circuit grants an extraordinary remedy. Even if the appeal succeeds, the likelihood of reviving the recall remains slim given the statutory timelines and strict procedural standards that govern statewide petitions in Oregon.
Observers note that the dispute raises broader questions about whether administrative or clerical errors by election officials can infringe upon constitutional rights to political participation and free speech. If the Ninth Circuit were to agree with Minnix’s argument, it could influence how Oregon manages statewide petition processes in the future.
Historical context: recall of Oregon governors
Oregon’s constitution has permitted the recall of any elected official since 1908, but no governor has ever been successfully recalled.
| Year | Governor | Chief petitioner or group | Required signatures | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Kate Brown (D) | Oregon Republican Party and Oregon First! PAC (Ballotpedia) | 280,050 | Did not submit enough signatures before the deadline (Ballotpedia) |
| 2020 | Kate Brown (D) | Kurt Saindon, Kelsey Massey, and Bill Currier (Ballotpedia) | Approx. 280,000 | All failed to meet signature thresholds; none reached the ballot (Oregon Capital Insider) |
| 2025 | Tina Kotek (D) | Bill Minnix and Oregon for the People (Ballotpedia) | 292,933 | No signatures submitted by the October 27, 2025 deadline; appeal pending (Grants Pass Tribune) |
Nationally, only one modern gubernatorial recall has succeeded, the 2003 removal of California Governor Gray Davis (Ballotpedia).
What comes next
The Ninth Circuit will determine whether Minnix’s appeal warrants relief such as an extension or validation of signatures gathered under the contested form. Unless the court intervenes, the recall of Governor Tina Kotek will remain an unrealized attempt, joining a long list of unsuccessful efforts to unseat Oregon governors through the recall process.
The episode highlights how strict procedural compliance in Oregon’s election system can decide the fate of even well-organized citizen efforts before they ever reach voters.
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